Meiji

The back gate guardhouse of the Abashiri Prison Museum in Hokkaido, a hexagonal sentry box of 1912, has windows on all sides and a domed roof with a spear finial.

The Kagami Bridge entrance guardhouse of the Abashiri Prison Museum, a hexagonal post of 1912, has a door on one side and windows on five to watch every way.

The Kagami Bridge exit guardhouse of the Abashiri Prison Museum, a hexagonal sentry box of 1912 that faced its twin, has glazed sides and a domed, finialed roof.

The west gate guardhouse of the Abashiri Prison Museum, a hexagonal post of 1912 that checked tradesmen at the gate, has boarded walls and cloud-shaped trim.

The brick solitary cell of the Abashiri Prison Museum, built in 1912, has English-bond walls 0.4 metres thick, a barred anteroom and a boarded cell, a rare survivor.

Hakodate Chuka Kaikan, a brick hall of 1910 built after the great Hakodate fire, is Japan's only meeting hall in the form of a Guandi temple, with a Qing interior.

Built in 1901 to Chujo Seiichiro's design, this former Sapporo college classroom sets a pilastered, pedimented front against plain hipped wings.

Built in 1902 to Chujo Seiichiro's design, this compact two-story brick library stack rewards a close look at its clinker base and stepped gable coping.

Built in 1902 by Chujo Seiichiro, this T-shaped timber reading hall wears two rooftop lanterns and windows crowned by alternating triangular and segmental pediments.

Inside the Hokkaido University Botanic Garden stands the former home of John Batchelor, the Ainu-studies missionary: a trim clapboard house of 1898, moved here in 1905.

The office of Hokkaido University's Botanic Garden is the east wing of the old zoology-botany hall of 1901, moved here in 1942, its entrance crowned by a pediment.

Furukawa Memorial Hall of 1909 was the forestry classroom of Tohoku Imperial University's agriculture college: a Renaissance timber hall with a mansard roof and turret.