Shōwa

A 1937 well curb of four granite stones, about 70 cm square, in the outer roji of the Kuboso Memorial Museum of Art tea compound; a dry copy of an Omotesenke well.

A tiny 1937 waiting bench with a privy in the inner roji of the Kuboso Memorial Museum of Art tea compound, where guests bound for the tea room Soan sat.

A 1937 gate 1.0 m wide between the outer and inner gardens of the Kuboso Memorial Museum of Art tea compound, with log posts and bamboo lattice doors.

The 1937 entrance wing of the Kuboso Memorial Museum of Art tea compound: a copper-trimmed tile gable, a canopied gable-end door and a bamboo-slat step-in.

A small 1941 tea room at the foot of the arched bridge in the Kuboso Memorial Museum of Art garden, with a stepped roof, copper canopy and upright guest entrance.

The 1937 front gate of the Kuboso Memorial Museum of Art tea compound: a 2.1 m bracket-armed gate with cypress-bark eaves, lattice doors and a log lintel.

A tiny 1937 tea room at the Kuboso Memorial Museum of Art copying Omotesenke's Fushin-an: crawl-in entrance, skylight and a bent central post. Closed to visitors.

A 1937 ten-mat tea room at the Kuboso Memorial Museum of Art copying Omotesenke's Zangetsu-tei down to its measurements. Open on Sundays; photos allowed, no tripods.

A 1937 wall-like garden gate 2.7 m long in the Kuboso Memorial Museum of Art tea compound, with a low sliding doorway and a lath window, copied from Zangetsu-tei.

Gazoku-sanso, the 1937 Ikeda home of Hankyu founder Kobayashi Ichizo, blends Spanish tiles and Tatsuyama stone. It is now the Kobayashi Ichizo Memorial Hall.

A 47-metre reinforced-concrete wall around Kobayashi Ichizo's Ikeda villa, topped with the same tiles as the house so the boundary reads as part of the design.

Conceived by Kobayashi Ichizo, Sokuan rings a three-and-a-half-mat daime room with chair seating so guests take tea at the same eye level as on the tatami.

A tiny two-mat tea room in Kobayashi Ichizo's south garden, with a crawl-in entrance and a cusped window, said to be named by former premier Konoe Fumimaro.

A 1957 tea room in Tondabayashi, Osaka, made from a sake barrel about 2 meters across, with a conical bark roof, an alcove and a round window. Registered 2015.

An early Showa timber storehouse in Tondabayashi, Osaka, 13 by 5.7 meters, joined to the sake brewery, with an open lean-to and log beams. Registered 2015; not open.

The Ueda Family Residence Main House in Toyonaka, Osaka, built in 1933, sets a Western-style parlour beside the entrance of a Japanese house with a central corridor.

The Ueda Family Residence Annex in Toyonaka, Osaka, built in 1940, pairs a cedar-bark sukiya lower floor with a bay-windowed sunroom looking out over the estate.

The Ueda Family Residence Storage Shed in Toyonaka, Osaka, built in 1933 behind the main house, keeps the standard form of shed of the Higashi-Toyonaka estate.

The Edobori Kodama Building in Osaka, a concrete town house of 1935 for a cotton merchant, has a Spanish-style front and rooms stacked round a light court.

Completed in 1930 as the Mitsubishi Corporation Osaka branch and renamed after being acquired by retired Ministry of Agriculture officials in 1949, the Osaka Norin Kaikan Building is a five-story reinforced concrete landmark in the heart of Minamisemba. Its stone-and-tile facade, original mail chutes, vault doors, and chandelier-lit entrance hall remain remarkably intact. Registered as a Tangible Cultural Property in 2021, it now houses fashion boutiques, ateliers, and design shops.