Heian

Discover the Daigo-ji Five-Story Pagoda, Kyoto's oldest surviving wooden building completed in 951. This National Treasure houses sacred Shingon Buddhist murals and stands within a UNESCO World Heritage temple complex.

On the summit of Daigo-yama, the Yakushi-dō of Daigoji is a National Treasure rebuilt in 1121, a rare surviving Heian hall reached by an hour's climb from the base.

Explore the Ishinpō (Volumes 1, 5, 7, 9 & 10 fragments) at Ninnaji Temple in Kyoto — Japan's oldest medical encyclopedia compiled in 984 CE. Learn about this National Treasure's history, significance, and how to see it at the UNESCO World Heritage temple.

Discover the National Treasure Uta-awase (Volume 6, Ten-Volume Edition) at Kyoto's Yōmei Bunko — Japan's oldest anthology of poetry contest records, planned by regent Fujiwara no Yorimichi. This Heian-period masterpiece features exquisite kana calligraphy and preserves 170 years of courtly poetry traditions. Learn about its cultural significance, how to visit, and nearby heritage sites.

Discover the Ōhi, a rare National Treasure Buddhist shoulder cloth from Tang-dynasty China, brought to Japan by the monk Kūkai. Deposited at the Kyoto National Museum, this exquisite textile reveals over 1,200 years of Shingon Buddhist history.

The Kaifu Makie Kesa-bako, a National Treasure held by Tō-ji temple in Kyoto, is a masterpiece of Heian-period togidashi makie lacquerwork. Created to store a Buddhist vestment linked to the monk Kūkai, the box features gold and silver sea motifs and ranks among the oldest surviving examples of Japanese makie art.

Discover the Kagura Wagon Hifu, a National Treasure scroll from the Heian period preserving Japan's oldest sacred kagura songs with wagon zither notation, held at the Yomei Bunko in Kyoto.

The Kamowakeikazuchi Shrine Documents, designated as an Important Cultural Property, comprise 13,639 historical records spanning from the late Heian period to the Edo era. Preserved at Kamigamo Shrine in Kyoto, this extraordinary archive includes decrees from Minamoto no Yoritomo, edicts from Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and approximately 1,400 consecutive monthly financial records—offering an unparalleled window into the history of one of Japan's most revered Shinto shrines.

Discover Kanjō Rekimei, a National Treasure handwritten by Kūkai (Kōbō Daishi), one of Japan's greatest calligraphers. This rare 9th-century document at Jingo-ji Temple records the historic first esoteric Buddhist initiation ceremonies in Japan, with Saichō's name at the top.

Discover the National Treasure bokuseki calligraphy by Chinese Chan master Xutang Zhiyu, preserved at Daitoku-ji temple in Kyoto. Learn about its Zen heritage, tea ceremony significance, and how to view this masterpiece.

Discover the Gyokuhen (Yupian) Volume 27 at Kōzan-ji Temple in Kyoto—a National Treasure and Tang dynasty manuscript of the oldest Chinese character dictionary, lost in China but preserved in Japan for over 1,400 years.

A two-scroll Heian manuscript glossing the eighty-fascicle Flower Garland Sutra, giving its hard words a pronunciation and meaning. A National Treasure since 1952.

Discover the Kenda Kokushi Kesa, a National Treasure Buddhist vestment brought to Japan by Kukai from Tang Dynasty China. Housed at the Kyoto National Museum, this 8th-century tapestry-weave masterpiece reveals the roots of Shingon Buddhism.

A National Treasure of Shōjōke-in, Kyoto: a Southern Song Amida triad in three signed scrolls by the Ningbo painter Fuetsu, now held at the Kyoto National Museum.

Ninna-ji's National Treasure Kujaku Myōō, a Song-dynasty Chinese painting, shows the Peacock Wisdom King with three faces and six arms on a white peacock.

Five Heian-period silk scrolls at Tō-ji in Kyoto show the Five Great Wisdom Kings, made for the imperial New Year rite Kūkai began in 835 and shown only rarely.

Jingo-ji's Red Shakyamuni is a 12th-century silk painting whose deep vermilion robe and lacelike cut-gold patterns mark the peak of late-Heian Buddhist art.

Two Southern Song scrolls at Kyoto's Konchi-in, the Autumn and Winter Landscapes are a National Treasure once owned by the Ashikaga shoguns and ascribed to Huizong.

Discover the National Treasure silk paintings of the Seven Patriarchs of Shingon Buddhism at Tō-ji Temple in Kyoto. Five of the seven scrolls were painted by Tang dynasty court artist Li Zhen and brought to Japan by Kūkai in 806 CE, making them among the rarest surviving examples of Tang-era portraiture in the world.

Discover the Blue Fudo (Ao Fudo), a National Treasure silk painting of Fudo Myoo with Two Attendants at Shoren-in Temple in Kyoto. Learn about this masterpiece of Heian-period Buddhist art, one of Japan's Three Great Fudo Paintings.